What are the three categories of controls used to mitigate risk?

The three categories of controls used to mitigate risk consist of hazard elimination, physical controls, and educational controls.

Hazard elimination refers to the proactive approach of removing potential threats from the environment completely. This can involve redesigning processes, substituting dangerous substances, or implementing engineering controls to ensure that hazards do not exist in the first place.

Physical controls refer to mechanisms or equipment that protect individuals by limiting their exposure to hazards. This can include safety barriers, ventilation systems, PPE (personal protective equipment), and other physical measures that reduce risk without relying solely on behavior or awareness.

Educational controls focus on informing and training individuals on the risks present and how to avoid them. Training programs, workshops, and informational materials help ensure that all personnel are aware of the hazards and understand the protocols for minimizing those risks.

The combination of these three categories—removing hazards, utilizing physical barriers, and educating personnel—creates a comprehensive approach to risk management. This enables organizations to create safer work environments and enhance overall safety culture.